Do you know the different types of hydrogen?:

  • Renewable hydrogen or green hydrogen: hydrogen generated from renewable electricity, using water as a raw material, through an electrolysis process. Likewise, the hydrogen obtained through the reforming of biogas or the biochemical conversion of biomass, provided that the established sustainability requirements are met, will be renewable.
  • Blue hydrogen: hydrogen obtained in a similar way to grey hydrogen, but to which carbon capture, use and storage (CCUS) techniques are applied, which allows CO2 emissions generated during the process to be reduced by up to 95%.
  • Grey hydrogen: hydrogen produced from natural gas or other light hydrocarbons such as methane or liquefied petroleum gases through reforming processes. Currently, 99% of the hydrogen consumed in Spain is of this type.
  • Yellow hydrogen: hydrogen generated from electricity from the primary grid, using water as a raw material, through an electrolysis process.
  • Pink hydrogen: hydrogen generated from electricity from nuclear energy, using water as a raw material, through an electrolysis process.
  • Turquoise hydrogen: hydrogen generated from methane pyrolysis. Solid carbon is generated in this process, so unlike blue hydrogen, the resulting carbon capture is not necessary.

Green Hydrogen, obtained by electrolysis of water using electricity from renewable sources, promises to be a key piece in the decarbonisation of multiple sectors. However, the green hydrogen industry also presents a number of occupational risks that must be properly managed to ensure worker safety and environmental protection.

One of the biggest risks associated with hydrogen production is its high flammability. Hydrogen is a light gas that can be easily mixed with air, and its explosive range is wide. Therefore, it is essential to implement preventative measures that minimize the possibility of leaks and explosions. This includes installing gas detection systems, using resilient materials, and adopting strict protocols for hydrogen handling and storage.

The training of workers is essential in this context. Personnel involved in the production and handling of hydrogen should receive specific training on the associated risks and safety best practices. This ranges from identifying hazardous situations to properly using personal protective equipment (PPE) such as helmets, gloves, and visors. In addition, it is crucial to conduct emergency drills to prepare employees for potential accidents and ensure a quick response in the event of incidents.

Another aspect to consider in the prevention of occupational risks in the green hydrogen industry is ergonomics. Workers are often faced with physically demanding tasks, which can lead to musculoskeletal injuries. It is important to design workspaces in a way that minimizes these ergonomic risks, including the proper arrangement of tools and equipment, as well as the implementation of breaks to avoid fatigue.

In addition, noise generated by certain industrial processes can be a significant risk factor. Prolonged exposure to high levels of noise can cause irreversible hearing damage. Therefore, acoustic risk assessments must be carried out and measures such as soundproofing critical areas or the use of appropriate hearing protectors for employees operating in noisy environments must be adopted.

Chemical management is also a key point in risk prevention in the green hydrogen industry. Electrolysis processes and the technologies employed may require the use of chemicals that, if not handled correctly, can pose a health hazard to workers. It is necessary to develop clear protocols for the management of these substances, as well as the correct signage of the areas where they are used.

In conclusion, the green hydrogen industry, although it represents a great opportunity for the energy transition, entails significant occupational risks that must be treated seriously. The implementation of appropriate prevention measures, constant training of workers and attention to ergonomics and the handling of chemical substances are essential steps to ensure a safe and healthy work environment. Attention to these aspects not only protects employees, but also contributes to the success and sustainability of this emerging sector. Safety must always be a priority in the pursuit of a cleaner energy future.